Relation of Intima Media Thickening of Carotid Arteries with Parameters of Lipid Profile in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51985/JBUMDC2022032Keywords:
HCV: Hepatitis C Virus, CIMT: Carotid Intima Media hickening, FBG: Fasting blood glucoseAbstract
Objective: To find out the relation between carotid intima media thickening (CIMT) and lipid profile in HCV seropositive
patients.
Study Design & Setting: Descriptive, cross sectional study.
Methodology: Study was conducted in the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Dow University of Health Sciences.
Duration of study wsd 13 months. After ethical approval, a total of ninety participants including thirty (n=30) control (Group
A) and sixty (n=60) HCV sero-positive patients (Group B) were inducted in the study from the hepatitis clinic of Ruth Pfau
Civil Hospital, Karachi, Those with history of smoking, hypertension, alcohol, pregnancy, ascities, coinfection with other
hepatitis viruses and not willing to participate were excluded. After consent, demographic and anthropometric data were
recorded. Blood samples were taken for fasting blood glucose and lipid profile estimation. CIMT was estimated by carotid
doppler ultrasound. Data entered and analyzed by SPSS version 20.0. and presented as frequency (n; %) and mean ±SD.
Student “t” test and Pearson’s correlation test were applied where appropriate. A p-value of <0.05 was considered as
statistically significant.
Results: Demographic and anthropometric characteristics of HCV sero-positive participants showed non-significant
difference compared to control. FBG and CIMT were found to be significantly raised in HCV infected patients while lipid
profile parameters showed insignificant difference. Pearson’s correlation test revealed insignificant relation of lipid profile
parameters with CIMT (p > 0.000).
Conclusion: HCV seropositive patients had significantly raised CIMT with non-significant relation with parameters of
lipid profile.
References
Saleem U, Aslam N, Siddique R, Iqbal S, Manan M. Hepatitis
C virus: Its prevalence, risk factors and genotype distribution
in Pakistan. European Journal of Inflammation. 2022 Nov
;20:1 doi:721727X221144391
Kuna L, Jakab J, Smolic R, Wu GY, Smolic M. HCV
extrahepatic manifestations. Journal of Clinical and
Translational Hepatology. 2019;7(2):172. doi: 10.14218/JCTH.
00049
Lee KK, Stelzle D, Bing R, Anwar M, Strachan F, Bashir S,
Newby DE, Shah JS, Chung MH, Bloomfield GS, Longenecker
CT. Global burden of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
in people with hepatitis C virus infection: a systematic review,
meta-analysis, and modelling study. The lancet
Gastroenterology & hepatology. 2019;4(10):794-804. doi:
1016/S2468-1253(19)30227-4
Younossi ZM, Henry L, P. Ong J, Tanaka A, Eguchi Y,
Mizokami M, Lim YS, Dan YY, Yu ML, Stepanova M.
Systematic review with meta-analysis: extrahepatic
manifestations in chronic hepatitis C virus-infected patients
in East Asia. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 2019
Mar;49(6):644-53. doi: 10.1111/apt.15131.
Sliem HA, Salem AS, Hussien WM, Shahab HR. Vascular
Wall: Another Victim of Hepatitis C Virus. J Mol Microbiol.
;2(1):2
Broker M, Frager SZ, Patel NS, Lebovics E, Frishman WH.
The inflammatory relationship between hepatitis C virus with
coronary and carotid atherosclerosis. Cardiology in review.
;29(4):178-83. DOI: 10.1097/CRD. 0000000000000314
Chen JY, Wang JH, Lin CY, Chen PF, Tseng PL, Chen CH,
Chang KC, Tsai LS, Chen SC, Lu SN. Lower prevalence of
hypercholesterolemia and hyperglyceridemia found in subjects
with seropositivity for both hepatitis B and C strains
independently. Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology.
;25(11):1763-8.
Cismaru G, Serban T, Tirpe A. Ultrasound methods in the
evaluation of atherosclerosis: From pathophysiology to clinic.
Biomedicines. 2021 ;9(4):418. ; https://doi.org/10.3390/
biomedicines9040418
Fernández-Alvarez V, Linares Sánchez M, López Alvarez F,
Suárez Nieto C, Mäkitie AA, Olsen KD, Ferlito A. Evaluation
of Intima-Media Thickness and Arterial Stiffness as Early
Ultrasound Biomarkers of Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis.
Cardiology and therapy. 2022:1-7. DOI: 10.1007/s40119-
-00261-x
Linton MF, Yancey PG, Davies SS, Jerome WG, Linton EF,
Song WL, Doran AC, Vickers KC. The role of lipids and
lipoproteins in atherosclerosis. InEndotext [Internet] 2019
Jan 3. MDText. com, Inc..
Avci E, Dolapoglu A, Akgun DE. Role of cholesterol as a
risk factor in cardiovascular diseases. Cholesterol-Good, Bad
and the Heart. 2018. DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.76357
Yao YS, Li TD, Zeng ZH. Mechanisms underlying direct
actions of hyperlipidemia on myocardium: an updated review.
Lipids in Health and Disease. 2020;19(1):1-6.doi.org/10.1186/s
-019-1171-8
Butt AA, Yan P, Simon TG, Chung RT, Abou-Samra AB.
Changes in circulating lipids level over time after acquiring
HCV infection: results from ERCHIVES. BMC infectious
diseases. 2015;15(1):1-9. DOI: 10.1186/s12879-015-1268-2
Badawi A, Di Giuseppe G, Arora P. Cardiovascular disease
risk in patients with hepatitis C infection: Results from two
general population health surveys in Canada and the United
States (2007-2017). PloS one. 2018;13(12):e0208839.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0208839
Roguljic H, Nincevic V, Bojanic K, Kuna L, Smolic R, Vcev
A, Primorac D, Vceva A, Wu GY, Smolic M. Impact of DAA
treatment on cardiovascular disease risk in chronic HCV
infection: an update. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2021;12:
https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.678546
Ishizaka N, Ishizaka Y, Yamkado M. Atherosclerosis as a
possible extrahepatic manifestation of chronic hepatitis C
virus infection. Clinical Medicine Insights: Cardiology. 2014
Jan;8:CMC-S17069. doi: 10.4137/CMC.S17069
Butt AA, Xiaoqiang W, Budoff M, Leaf D, Kuller LH, Justice
AC. Hepatitis C virus infection and the risk of coronary
disease. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2009;49(2):225-32.
DOI: 10.1086/599371
Mohamed MA, Bayoumy EM, Swailam MM, Allam AS.
Assessment of carotid atherosclerosis in Egyptian chronic
hepatitis C patients after treatment by direct-acting antiviral
drugs. Egyptian Liver Journal. 2022;12(1):1-0.
Zakaria A, Naguib M, Fouda R, Rashed L. Carotid intima
media thickness in HCV infected Egyptian patients and its
relation to viral load and genotype: a preliminary study. The
Medical Journal of Cairo University. 2012;80(2).
.20. Arvind A, Osganian SA, Cohen DE, Corey KE. Lipid and
Lipoprotein Metabolism in Liver Disease. InEndotext [Internet]
Jul 21. MDText. com, Inc..
Feng L, Nian S, Tong Z, Zhu Y, Li Y, Zhang C, Bai X, Luo
X, Wu M, Yan Z. Age-related trends in lipid levels: a largescale cross-sectional study of the general Chinese population.
BMJ open. 2020;10(3):e034226. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-
Bozdar K, Kumar P, Bajwa MA. Dyslipidemias in Hepatitis
C Virus Infection at Isra University Hospital Hyderabad.
Annals of PIMS-Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical
University. 2020;16(4):209-13 DOI:https://doi.org/ 10.48036/
apims.v16i4.444
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Talat Samreen, Asma Aijaz, Shazia Fahmi, Hira Ahmad, Nasreen Naz, Erum Amir
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Journal of Bahria University Medical & Dental College is an open access journal and is licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0. which permits unrestricted non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 
